What Should I Wear To Court?

The way you present yourself in court can significantly influence perceptions, both from judges and jurors. Whether you’re a plaintiff, defendant, or witness, your attire speaks before you do.

Judges are trained to be impartial, but they are human. Jurors, too, form subconscious impressions based on how someone looks. An unkempt or ostentatious appearance may undermine your credibility or distract from the facts of your case.

At Reape Rickett, we’ve observed that a clean and respectful courtroom appearance often correlates with better receptivity from the bench and jury box. It’s not about looking wealthy, it’s about showing that you understand the gravity of the legal process.

The Role of Visual Impression in Court

Keep in mind that when making a Court appearance, the primary goal in terms of dress is showing respect for the Court. Ostentatious appearance can hurt a Judge or Jury when deciding your case.

To illustrate the point, once I was selected for Jury Duty and underwent voir dire (questioning) by the Public Defender. She asked about her client’s appearance (his head was shaved and covered with Swastikas and expletives) and whether anything about it made me believe him guilty of the charge of assault. Of course, I said “yes”, and of course, I was excused for cause. Afterward, I heard the jury came back guilty in less than ten minutes.

Is this a surprise to anyone? In that regard, many times I have been appalled by a litigant’s court appearance (and not just criminal defendants). Sometimes I am stunned by (in my opinion) disastrous fashion choices or, another of my favorites, completely inappropriate tattoos and piercings. I wonder if people fail to understand that their appearance can affect a Court’s thinking and ultimately its decision.

For example, above-the-neck tattoos are considered by most observers (and let’s face it, Judges are human) as the indelible marking of a person exercising poor judgment. Maybe it’s not true in every case, but it certainly gives rise to bias on the part of most people, including Judges.

What is appropriate attire? For men, slacks and a clean shirt are most appropriate. For women, slacks or a skirt and a simple top. And, of course, avoid shorts, T-shirts, and/or flip-flops when in Court. I have seen people in Court wearing very simple clothing, nothing fancy, but his/her best, a showing of respect to the Court, nothing expensive or ostentatious (often wealth is the exact opposite impression you want to give in Court), but clean, simple, appropriate attire.

How we dress is one way we communicate the way we feel about our surroundings. So dress in a manner showing respect for the Court; it doesn’t take much. Keep in mind that dressing well doesn’t guarantee you’ll win, but if your appearance is inappropriate, such as the man with the tattoos, don’t be surprised if you lose.

Understanding What Judges and Jurors Interpret from Your Appearance

Judges and jurors rely on more than just the legal facts; they respond to nonverbal signals, including dress, grooming, and posture. Legal professionals agree that appearance is a powerful form of communication that can subconsciously frame how one’s testimony or credibility is evaluated.

Jurors may associate professional dress with responsibility, respect for law, and personal integrity. Conversely, overly casual or flashy clothing can trigger bias, even unintentionally.

The Courtroom Attire Matrix: Attributes That Matter

To provide more precision, let’s explore the court-appropriate attire.

Shirt or Blouse

• Fabric type (cotton, linen), color (neutral, dark shades), fit (tailored, modest), cleanliness (ironed, stain-free)
• Button-down white shirt (cotton), navy blouse (poly blend), no neon or graphics

Trousers or Skirts

• Length (knee-length minimum), material (slacks vs. denim), color, presence of rips/designs
• Gray wool slacks, beige khakis, black A-line skirt

Footwear

• Style (closed-toe), cleanliness, formality
• Polished black loafers, conservative pumps, no sneakers or flip-flops

Grooming

• Hair (combed, tied back), facial hair (neatly trimmed), nails (clean, unpolished), hygiene
• Short, neat hairstyle; natural nail look

Accessories

• Jewelry (minimal), makeup (subtle), bags (professional-looking), fragrances (light or none)
• Plain wristwatch, no perfume, modest earrings

Tattoos, Piercings, and Bias in the Courtroom

Visible tattoos, especially on the neck or face, often lead to unfavorable assumptions. This isn’t just anecdotal; it’s supported by behavioral science and jury research studies. While modern society is more accepting of body art, courtrooms remain conservative environments where tradition and conformity are often preferred.

Even a simple nose ring can distract or give rise to unconscious bias among a jury. It’s advisable to cover tattoos with long sleeves or makeup and remove any piercings that aren’t essential.

Attire Expectations by Court Type

Criminal Court

Defendants should dress conservatively, almost formally. Avoiding anything flashy is especially important here, as credibility and moral character are often scrutinized.

Family Court

A calm, composed appearance is crucial. Dress modestly and avoid overly emotional colors like red. This type of court favors non-confrontational visual cues.

Civil Court

Professionalism is key. You’re not accused of a crime, but you’re expected to respect procedure. Business-casual attire is appropriate, especially if you’re representing yourself.

Cultural and Regional Considerations

What is appropriate in one region may not be in another. For example:

• In California, slightly more casual attire may be tolerated.
• In Texas, courtroom culture is often more formal and traditional.
• In New York, fashion-forward but professional attire may be acceptable.

Always research your local court’s expectations, and when in doubt, overdress slightly.

The Psychology of First Impressions in Legal Proceedings

Your appearance functions as an anchor for credibility, intention, and seriousness. Psychological studies show that within the first 7–10 seconds, people form long-lasting impressions. If your appearance says “I don’t care,” then that perception may extend to how your testimony is received, whether or not that’s fair.

FAQs: Appearance and Courtroom Success

What should I wear to a court hearing?

Wear conservative, clean clothing. Men should choose slacks and a collared shirt. Women should opt for modest skirts, dresses, or slacks with a blouse. Neutral colors and minimal patterns are best.

Can my tattoos affect my court case?

Yes. Tattoos, particularly on the face or neck, can create bias. Even if you’re not judged consciously, subconscious assumptions may shape how others view your credibility.

Will dressing nicely help me win?

No appearance guarantees a win, but dressing inappropriately can hurt your credibility and how the facts of your case are received.

Are there different dress codes for different courts?

Yes. Family court, civil court, and criminal court each have slightly different expectations. Generally, the more serious the case, the more formal your appearance should be.

Can cultural attire be worn in court?

Yes, as long as it is respectful and conservative. If in doubt, consult your attorney or contact the court clerk.

Should teenagers dress differently?

Yes. Teen litigants or witnesses should dress neatly and conservatively. Youth-specific attire should still reflect maturity and seriousness.

Legal Guidance That Goes Beyond Paperwork

At Reape Rickett, we believe success in the courtroom requires more than just legal knowledge; it demands preparation, presence, and presentation. If you’re preparing for an upcoming court appearance, don’t overlook the subtle elements that could influence your outcome.

Need professional guidance before your hearing? Reach out to the team at Reape Rickett Law for a full case strategy that includes courtroom behavior, dress preparation, and tailored advice to help you put your best foot forward.